South America
Commodity exporters with some of the world's highest real rates. Together these economies produced $4.1T in 2025 โ 4% of everything tracked here.
South America at a glance
Colors are binned within this continent.
Largest economies
GDP, 2025, current US$
- 1๐ง๐ทBrazil$2.3T
- 2๐ฆ๐ทArgentina$684B
- 3๐จ๐ดColombia$457B
- 4๐จ๐ฑChile$357B
- 5๐ต๐ชPeru$342B
Inflation
Latest consumer-price inflation, y/y
- 1๐ฆ๐ทArgentina33.7%
- 2๐จ๐ดColombia6.2%
- 3๐ต๐ชPeru4.4%
- 4๐ง๐ทBrazil4.2%
- 5๐จ๐ฑChile4.1%
Real GDP growth, largest four
Annual %, 2010โ2031. Shaded years are IMF projections.
- Brazil
- Argentina
- Colombia
- Chile
Output mix
GDP by economy, 2025
- South America
Policy rates since 2019
Month-end, %. The four largest central banks on this continent.
- Brazil
- Argentina
- Colombia
- Chile
Rate decisions, last 24 months
Each cell is one month. Blue = cut, red = hike, gray = hold.
Monetary transmission across South America
Pick a central bank to see how its current stance travels through the economy.
- Easing impulse
Banco Central do Brasil is easing (policy rate 13.75%). Lower rates work through borrowing costs, asset prices, a softer currency and expectations to support demand and jobs, at some risk to inflation. Hover a step to see how each channel works.
Growth versus inflation
South America highlighted against every tracked economy. Bubble size is GDP.
- South America
- Others
IMF WEO ยท BIS ยท per-capita GDP for the continent: $11.2K