Continent ยท 22 economies ยท #3 by output
Europe
The euro area plus independent central banks from London to Ankara. Together these economies produced $30.2T in 2025 โ 27% of everything tracked here.
Combined GDP ยท 2025
$30.2T
$32.6T projected for 2026
GDP-weighted growth
1.5%
1.4% in 2026
Median inflation
3.2%
Latest reading per economy
Central banks ยท 739M people
3.75%
median policy rate ยท 6 cutting ยท 2 holding ยท 4 hiking
Map
Europe at a glance
Colors are binned within this continent.
- Germany: 0.2%
- United Kingdom: 1.2%
- France: 0.9%
- Italy: 0.5%
- Spain: 2.6%
- Netherlands: 1.6%
- Switzerland: 1.6%
- Poland: 3.7%
- Belgium: 1.0%
- Sweden: 1.4%
- Ireland: 8.0%
- Austria: 0.8%
- Norway: 1.1%
- Denmark: 3.5%
- Finland: 0.8%
- Portugal: 1.9%
- Greece: 2.1%
- Czechia: 2.6%
- Romania: 0.7%
- Hungary: 0.5%
- Tรผrkiye: 3.7%
- Russia: 1.0%
GDP growth
Not tracked๐ฉ๐ช
Germany
European Central Bank
GDP
$5.1T
Growth
0.2%
Inflation
2.9%
Rate
2.50%
Hiking
growth 2014โ2025
๐ฌ๐ง
United Kingdom
Bank of England
GDP
$4.0T
Growth
1.2%
Inflation
3.1%
Rate
3.75%
Cutting
growth 2014โ2025
๐ซ๐ท
France
European Central Bank
GDP
$3.4T
Growth
0.9%
Inflation
2.4%
Rate
2.50%
Hiking
growth 2014โ2025
๐ท๐บ
Russia
Bank of Russia
GDP
$2.6T
Growth
1.0%
Inflation
6.3%
Rate
14.00%
Cutting
growth 2014โ2025
๐ฎ๐น
Italy
European Central Bank
GDP
$2.6T
Growth
0.5%
Inflation
3.3%
Rate
2.50%
Hiking
growth 2014โ2025
๐ช๐ธ
Spain
European Central Bank
GDP
$1.9T
Growth
2.6%
Inflation
4.3%
Rate
2.50%
Hiking
growth 2014โ2025
๐น๐ท
Tรผrkiye
CBRT
GDP
$1.6T
Growth
3.7%
Inflation
31.5%
Rate
37.00%
Cutting
growth 2014โ2025
๐ณ๐ฑ
Netherlands
European Central Bank
GDP
$1.3T
Growth
1.6%
Inflation
3.2%
Rate
2.50%
Hiking
growth 2014โ2025
๐จ๐ญ
Switzerland
Swiss National Bank
GDP
$1.1T
Growth
1.6%
Inflation
0.8%
Rate
0.00%
On hold
growth 2014โ2025
๐ต๐ฑ
Poland
National Bank of Poland
GDP
$1.0T
Growth
3.7%
Inflation
3.3%
Rate
3.75%
Cutting
growth 2014โ2025
๐ง๐ช
Belgium
European Central Bank
GDP
$725B
Growth
1.0%
Inflation
4.0%
Rate
2.50%
Hiking
growth 2014โ2025
๐ฎ๐ช
Ireland
European Central Bank
GDP
$680B
Growth
8.0%
Inflation
3.4%
Rate
2.50%
Hiking
growth 2014โ2025
๐ธ๐ช
Sweden
Sveriges Riksbank
GDP
$677B
Growth
1.4%
Inflation
0.3%
Rate
1.75%
Cutting
growth 2014โ2025
๐ฆ๐น
Austria
European Central Bank
GDP
$580B
Growth
0.8%
Inflation
3.2%
Rate
2.50%
Hiking
growth 2014โ2025
๐ณ๐ด
Norway
Norges Bank
GDP
$530B
Growth
1.1%
Inflation
3.3%
Rate
4.50%
Hiking
growth 2014โ2025
๐ฉ๐ฐ
Denmark
Danmarks Nationalbank
GDP
$471B
Growth
3.5%
Inflation
2.1%
Rate
2.10%
Hiking
growth 2014โ2025
๐ท๐ด
Romania
National Bank of Romania
GDP
$429B
Growth
0.7%
Inflation
6.2%
Rate
6.50%
On hold
growth 2014โ2025
๐จ๐ฟ
Czechia
Czech National Bank
GDP
$392B
Growth
2.6%
Inflation
1.9%
Rate
3.75%
Hiking
growth 2014โ2025
๐ต๐น
Portugal
European Central Bank
GDP
$346B
Growth
1.9%
Inflation
3.3%
Rate
2.50%
Hiking
growth 2014โ2025
๐ซ๐ฎ
Finland
European Central Bank
GDP
$318B
Growth
0.8%
Inflation
2.1%
Rate
2.50%
Hiking
growth 2014โ2025
๐ฌ๐ท
Greece
European Central Bank
GDP
$280B
Growth
2.1%
Inflation
3.8%
Rate
2.50%
Hiking
growth 2014โ2025
๐ญ๐บ
Hungary
Magyar Nemzeti Bank
GDP
$247B
Growth
0.5%
Inflation
1.3%
Rate
5.50%
Cutting
growth 2014โ2025
Ranking
Largest economies
GDP, 2025, current US$
- 1๐ฉ๐ชGermany$5.1T
- 2๐ฌ๐งUnited Kingdom$4.0T
- 3๐ซ๐ทFrance$3.4T
- 4๐ท๐บRussia$2.6T
- 5๐ฎ๐นItaly$2.6T
- 6๐ช๐ธSpain$1.9T
- 7๐น๐ทTรผrkiye$1.6T
- 8๐ณ๐ฑNetherlands$1.3T
- 9๐จ๐ญSwitzerland$1.1T
- 10๐ต๐ฑPoland$1.0T
- 11๐ง๐ชBelgium$725B
- 12๐ฎ๐ชIreland$680B
- 13๐ธ๐ชSweden$677B
- 14๐ฆ๐นAustria$580B
- 15๐ณ๐ดNorway$530B
- 16๐ฉ๐ฐDenmark$471B
- 17๐ท๐ดRomania$429B
- 18๐จ๐ฟCzechia$392B
- 19๐ต๐นPortugal$346B
- 20๐ซ๐ฎFinland$318B
- 21๐ฌ๐ทGreece$280B
- 22๐ญ๐บHungary$247B
Ranking
Inflation
Latest consumer-price inflation, y/y
- 1๐น๐ทTรผrkiye31.5%
- 2๐ท๐บRussia6.3%
- 3๐ท๐ดRomania6.2%
- 4๐ช๐ธSpain4.3%
- 5๐ง๐ชBelgium4.0%
- 6๐ฌ๐ทGreece3.8%
- 7๐ฎ๐ชIreland3.4%
- 8๐ฎ๐นItaly3.3%
- 9๐ต๐นPortugal3.3%
- 10๐ณ๐ดNorway3.3%
- 11๐ต๐ฑPoland3.3%
- 12๐ฆ๐นAustria3.2%
- 13๐ณ๐ฑNetherlands3.2%
- 14๐ฌ๐งUnited Kingdom3.1%
- 15๐ฉ๐ชGermany2.9%
- 16๐ซ๐ทFrance2.4%
- 17๐ซ๐ฎFinland2.1%
- 18๐ฉ๐ฐDenmark2.1%
- 19๐จ๐ฟCzechia1.9%
- 20๐ญ๐บHungary1.3%
- 21๐จ๐ญSwitzerland0.8%
- 22๐ธ๐ชSweden0.3%
Growth
Real GDP growth, largest four
Annual %, 2010โ2031. Shaded years are IMF projections.
- Germany
- United Kingdom
- France
- Russia
Share
Output mix
GDP by economy, 2025
- Europe
Rates
Policy rates since 2019
Month-end, %. The four largest central banks on this continent.
- Euro Area
- United Kingdom
- Russia
- Tรผrkiye
Heatmap
Rate decisions, last 24 months
Each cell is one month. Blue = cut, red = hike, gray = hold.
Flowchart
Monetary transmission across Europe
Pick a central bank to see how its current stance travels through the economy.
- Tightening impulse
How a hike travels through the economy
European Central Bank is tightening (policy rate 2.50%). Higher rates work through borrowing costs, asset prices, the currency and expectations to cool demand, and with it inflation. Hover a step to see how each channel works.
Scatter
Growth versus inflation
Europe highlighted against every tracked economy. Bubble size is GDP.
- Europe
- Others
IMF WEO ยท BIS ยท per-capita GDP for the continent: $40.9K
โK